Many parts of the world today experience the lack of potable water. The numerous deaths in the world are partly caused by the shortage of clean water. People that are living in countries with inadequate access to water as well as lacking proper poor hygiene suffer from poor health. Water is located everywhere, but the distribution of water worldwide is not the same for every country. Political, economic and environmental issues prevent countries from accessing clean water. Personal water consumption accounts for a small percentage of total water use while the rest of it is used for agricultural and industry. Engineers play an important role in developing more sophisticated methods to meet the demands of adequate water supply. The method of channelling water to places lack of water does not fully solve the water problem. Desalination involves extracting salt from seawater. Desalination technology is used in many countries. Desalination plants are costly and consumes huge amount of energy. New technologies that are cheaper and less energy-consuming might be needed to solve the world’s water problems. Developing policies to reduce water usage is a different approach to the water problem. Water demand is reduced through the use of improved technologies to maximize the efficiency of using water. Water loss in urban areas is a major problem. A preferred method to improve water availability and safety is the use of small decentralized distillation units. Providing inexpensive water supply to rural and poor regions is one of the main concerns. The approaches mentioned will aid in the problem of unfair distribution of water resources. The income gap between the rich and poor causes an uneven distribution of water resources. Technological solutions must be put in place within systems to recognise and address these inequities.
Reference
National Academy of Engineering. ( n.d.). Providing clean access to water. Retrieved October 2, 2008, from
http://www.engineeringchallenges.org/cms/8996/9142.aspx
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